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A multi-objective structural optimization of an omnidirectional electromagnetic acoustic transducer

机译:全向电磁声换能器的多目标结构优化

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摘要

In this paper an axisymmetric model of an omnidirectional electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) used to generate Lamb waves in conductive plates is introduced. Based on the EMAT model, the structural parameters of the permanent magnet were used as the design variables while other parameters were fixed. The goal of the optimization was to strengthen the generation of the A0 mode and suppress the generation of the S0 mode. The amplitudes of the displacement components at the observation point of the plate were used for calculation of the objective functions. Three approaches to obtain the amplitudes were discussed. The first approach was solving the peak values of the envelopes of the time waveforms from the time domain simulations. The second approach also involved calculation of the peaks, but the waveforms were from frequency domain model combined with the forward and inverse Fourier transforms. The third approach involved a single frequency in the frequency domain model. Single and multi-objective optimizations were attempted, implemented with the genetic algorithms. In the single objective optimizations, the goal was decreasing the ratio of the amplitudes of the S0 and A0 modes, while in the multi-objective optimizations, an extra goal was strengthening the A0 mode directly. The Pareto front from the multi-objective optimizations was compared with the estimation from the data on the discrete grid of the design variables. From the analysis of the results, it could be concluded that for a linearized steel plate with a thickness of 10 mm and testing frequency of 50 kHz, the point with minimum S0/A0 could be selected, thus the multi-objective optimization effectively degenerated to the single objective optimization. While for an aluminum plate with a thickness of 3 mm and frequency of 150 kHz, without further information it would be difficult to select one particular solution from the Pareto front.
机译:本文介绍了一种用于在导电板上产生兰姆波的全向电磁声换能器(EMAT)的轴对称模型。基于EMAT模型,永磁体的结构参数被用作设计变量,而其他参数则是固定的。优化的目的是加强A0模式的生成并抑制S0模式的生成。板的观察点处的位移分量的幅度用于计算目标函数。讨论了获得振幅的三种方法。第一种方法是从时域仿真中求解时间波形的包络线的峰值。第二种方法也涉及峰值的计算,但是波形来自频域模型,结合了正向和反向傅立叶变换。第三种方法涉及频域模型中的单个频率。尝试使用遗传算法实现单目标和多目标优化。在单目标优化中,目标是降低S0和A0模式的振幅比,而在多目标优化中,另一个目标是直接增强A0模式。将来自多目标优化的Pareto前沿与根据设计变量的离散网格上的数据进行的估计进行了比较。从结果分析可以得出结论,对于厚度为10 mm,测试频率为50 kHz的线性钢板,可以选择S0 / A0最小的点,从而有效地将多目标优化退化为单目标优化。对于厚度为3 mm,频率为150 kHz的铝板,如果没有更多信息,则很难从Pareto前端选择一种特定的解决方案。

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